If it's really a driver bug, which I am now also not quite certain, it would be nearly impossible to find it. After all, what do you want to find? It could be that you end up saying: Well, if I set the third-column-first-row matrix element of my MVP matrix to 0.0 instead of 1.0, everything works.
Or if you set the red component of your light color to 0.6 instead of 0.7 everything works.
The bug can manifest itself very wildly.
But those are all likely just manifestations of some other bug in your code due to you issuing wrong OpenGL commands/arguments like what Cornix said.
You just gonna have to plow through your own code once again and really make sure that you call each GL method with the correct (and by your driver supported!) arguments. Also, you should enable OpenGL debugging with a debug callback.
If that is unsupported by your card/driver you should insert GL11.glGetError() after each and every GL call.